書籍介紹
景泰藍是指在金屬胎上以金屬絲勾勒圖樣，再反覆填燒琺瑯釉，打磨而成的作品。此項工藝又稱掐絲琺瑯，於元代（1271-1368）自拜占庭經伊斯蘭地區，傳入中國。十七世紀的鑑賞家宣稱，明代宗景泰時期（1450-1457）燒造的掐絲琺瑯最值得收藏，此種工藝因而得到「景泰藍」的俗稱。然而，景泰年間製作的掐絲琺瑯已近乎失傳。後世匠人為肆應古董市場龐大需求，便鑄造各式帶景泰偽款的作品，導致往後鑑定的困難。
乾隆皇帝（1735-1796在位）雅好古文物，亦曾試圖蒐羅明景泰年間製作的掐絲琺瑯。不過，比起追索遙不可及的景泰器，他更熱衷研發創造，命令宮廷匠師依他的喜好，製作掐絲琺瑯。乾隆時期因而發展出各種前所未見的新款式，締造了掐絲琺瑯面貌最豐富多元的全盛局面。
目次
目次CONTENTS
院長序 3
Foreword
展覽總說 1 3
Introduction
景泰神話：傳說中的琺瑯精品｜ 1 7
The Legendary Jingtai Cloisonné: A Renowned Cloisonné of Unsurpassed Excellence
發現神話：製作年代與底款｜ 1 9
Unpacking the Legend: Dating Production and Reign Marks
I-1 十四世紀 掐絲琺瑯觚形瓶（景泰款）｜ 20
Cloisonné enamel gu-shaped vase with Jingtai mark, 14th century
I-2 十五世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋洗（景泰款）｜ 24
Cloisonné enamel basin with lotus motif and Jingtai mark, 15th century
I-3 十五世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋盒（景泰款）｜ 26
Cloisonné enamel case with lotus motif and Jingtai mark, 15th century
I-4 十六世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋象鼻爐（景泰款）｜ 30
Cloisonné enamel tripod incense burner with lotus motif and Jingtai mark, 16th century
I-5 十六世紀 掐絲琺瑯八寶番蓮紋象鼻爐｜ 31
Cloisonné enamel tripod incense burner with Eight Auspicious Symbols and lotus motif, 16th century
I-6 明 萬曆（1573-1620） 掐絲琺瑯八寶紋盤｜ 34
Cloisonné enamel dish with Eight Auspicious Symbols, Wanli period (1573-1620), Ming dynasty
I-7 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯花蝶紋盆（景泰款）｜ 36
Cloisonné enamel water pot with flower and butterfly designs and Jingtai mark, 17th century
I-8 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯福祿封侯紋方爐（景泰款）｜ 38
Cloisonné enamel square incense burner with auspicious symbols and Jingtai mark, 17th century
神話溯源：古董商的想像｜ 4 3
Birth of the Legend: Hype Created by Antique Dealers
I-9 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯海棠式雙耳瓶（景泰款）｜ 44
Cloisonné enamel lobed vase with ears and Jingtai mark, 17th century
I-10 十七世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋壺尊（景泰款）｜ 46
Cloisonné enamel hu-zun vessel with lotus motif and Jingtai mark, remodeled in the 17th century
I-11 十七世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯獅戲紋壺尊｜ 48
Cloisonné enamel hu-zun vessel with lion and ball mot if, remodeled in the 17th century
I-12 十七世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋壺尊（景泰款）｜ 50
Cloisonné enamel hu-zun vessel with lotus motif and Jingtai mark, remodeled in the 17th century
I-13 十七世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯鹿鶴長春花插（景泰款）｜ 52
Cloisonné enamel vase with deer and crane designs and Jingtai mark, remodeled in the 17th century
I-14 十七世紀後半 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋瓶｜ 54
Cloisonné enamel vase with lotus motif, second half of the 17th century
I-15 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯龍鳳紋觚（景泰款）｜ 56
Cloisonné enamel gu vessel with dragon and phoenix design and Jingtai mark, 17th century
I-16 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯龍紋象耳盂（景泰款）｜ 58
Cloisonné enamel water pot with elephant handles and Jingtai mark, 17th century
I-17 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋尊｜ 60
Cloisonné enamel zun vessel with lotus scrolls, 17th century
I-18 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯桃蝶佛手紋玉壺春瓶｜ 62
Cloisonné enamel pear-shaped vase with flower and butterfly design, 17th century
I-19 十七世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋玉壺春瓶（景泰款）｜ 64
Cloisonné enamel pear-shaped vase with lotus scrolls and Jingtai mark, 17th century
I-20 十八世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯花卉紋雙螭洗（景泰款）｜ 66
Cloisonné enamel brush washer with floral motif, chi dragon design, and Jingtai mark, remodeled in the 18th century
I-21 十六世紀末至十七世紀初 掐絲琺瑯「二老雙全」雙鳳紋盤｜ 68
Cloisonné enamel basin with double-phoenix design, late 16th to early 17th century
I-22 十六世紀末至十七世紀初 掐絲琺瑯雙鳳紋洗（宣德款）｜ 68
Cloisonné enamel basin with double-phoenix design and Xuande mark, late 16th to early 17th century
I-23 十八世紀改裝 掐絲琺瑯花卉紋花插（景泰款）｜ 72
Cloisonné enamel vase with floral design and Jingtai mark, remodeled in the 18th century
收藏神話：鑑賞家乾隆皇帝｜ 7 5
Collector and Connoisseur: The Qianlong Emperor
I-24 十六世紀 掐絲琺瑯獸面紋觚（景泰款）｜ 76
Cloisonné enamel gu vessel with animal mask design and Jingtai mark, 16th century
I-25 十四世紀 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋三足鼎爐｜ 78
Cloisonné enamel tripod incense burner with lotus design, 14th century
I-26 十五世紀 掐絲琺瑯葡萄紋簋式爐｜ 80
Cloisonné enamel gui-shaped incense burner with grapevine motif, 15th century
I-27 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋爐｜ 82
Cloisonné enamel incense burner with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
I-28 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯纏枝番蓮紋膽瓶｜ 84
Cloisonné enamel vase with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
I-29 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯摩竭紋雙喜鉢盂｜ 86
Cloisonné enamel water pot with makara motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
I-30-1 十六世紀末至十七世紀初 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋梅瓶｜ 88
Cloisonné enamel meiping vase with lotus motif, late 16th to early 17th century
I-30-2 清 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋梅瓶｜ 88
Cloisonné enamel meiping vase with lotus motif, Qing dynasty
乾隆新樣：宮廷的掐絲琺瑯文創| 9 1
The New Qianlong Style: The Creation of Court Cloisonné Enamels
百什件、多寶格以及端凝殿左右屋的收藏| 9 3
Cloisonné Enamels in Curio Boxes, Curio Cabinets, and the Duanning Hall
II-1 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋雙螭耳蓋簠｜ 94
Cloisonné enamel fu-shaped vessel with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋腰圓洗｜ 98
Cloisonné enamel brush washer with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-3 清 乾隆 六屜木匣｜ 102
Six-drawer curio cabinet, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-3-1 清 康熙 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋扁壺｜ 104
Cloisonné enamel pilgrim flask with lotus motif, Kangxi period, Qing dynasty
II-3-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯八寶紋盒｜ 105
Cloisonné enamel box with the Eight Auspicious Symbols, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-4 清 乾隆 紫檀嵌彩瓷博古圖頂箱櫃｜ 106
Sandalwood compound cabinet with painted enamel inlays, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-4-1 十六世紀末至十七世紀初 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋葫蘆瓶｜ 109
Cloisonné enamel gourd-shaped vase with lotus motif, late 16th to early 17th century
II-4-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋小瓶 一對｜ 110
Pair of cloisonné enamel vases with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-4-3 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋仕女雙耳鼻煙壺｜ 111
Cloisonné snuff bottle with painted enamel design of Western ladies, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-5 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯蕉葉紋觚｜ 112
Cloisonné enamel gu vessel with blade-shaped lappets, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-6 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯異獸雙環扁瓶｜ 114
Cloisonné enamel flat vase with two rings, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-7 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯花卉蓋罐｜ 116
Cloisonné enamel lidded jar with floral design, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
華麗的彩色青銅| 1 1 9
Splendidly Colored Cloisonnés of Archaistic Forms
II-8 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯獸面紋甗｜ 120
Cloisonné enamel yan steamer with animal masks, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-9 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯動物紋豆｜ 122
Cloisonné enamel dou container with animal designs, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-10 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯鳧尊｜ 126
Cloisonné enamel duck zun vessel, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-11 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯海宴河清燈 一對｜ 130
Pair of cloisonné enamel pricket candlesticks, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-12 十八世紀 金漆提盒｜ 134
Gilt black lacquer portable chest, 18th century
II-12-1 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯獅尊｜ 135
Cloisonné enamel zun vessel on lion, Q ianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-12-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯獸面紋雙耳瓶｜ 136
Cloisonné enamel double-ear vase with animal masks, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-13 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯獸面紋觚｜ 137
Cloisonné enamel gu vessel with animal masks, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-14 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯仿周文王方鼎｜ 138
Cloisonné enamel square cauldron, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-15 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯獸面紋鬲鼎｜ 142
Cloisonné enamel tripod cauldron with animal mask motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-16 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯犧尊｜ 144
Cloisonné enamel tapir-shaped zun vessel, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-17 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯鳧尊｜ 148
Cloisonné enamel duck zun vessel, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-18 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯雙羊尊｜ 150
Cloisonné enamel double-ram zun vessel, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-19 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋扁壺｜ 154
Cloisonné enamel pilgrim flask with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-20 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯仕女爵托組｜ 156
Cloisonné jue cup and saucer set with painted enamel of Western ladies, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-21 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋尊形瓶｜ 160
Cloisonné enamel zun vessel with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
時尚的宮廷生活| 1 6 3
The Style of Court Living
II-22 清 蒔繪雙鶴紋匣｜ 164
Maki-e lacquer chest with two cranes, Qing dynasty
II-22-1 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋爐瓶三式｜ 165
Cloisonné enamel three-piece incense set, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-22-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋六方水盛｜ 166
Cloisonné enamel lobed water pot, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-23 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯帶蓋簋式爐｜ 167
Cloisonné enamel gui-shaped incense burner with cover, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-24 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋玻璃鏡｜ 168
Cloisonné enamel mirror with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-25 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯龍紋暖硯｜ 170
Cloisonné enamel heated inkstone set with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-26 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯雙螭墨海｜ 172
Cloisonné enamel basin-shaped inkstone with chi dragons, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-27 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋爐瓶三式｜ 174
Cloisonné enamel three-piece incense set with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-28 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋爐瓶三式｜ 178
Cloisonné enamel three-piece incense set with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-29 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯五供｜ 182
Cloisonné enamel five-piece altar set, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-30 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋香插｜ 186
Cloisonné enamel joss stick holder with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-31 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯梵字碟｜ 188
Cloisonné enamel dish with Sanskrit inscription, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-32 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯八寶紋鉢｜ 190
Cloisonné enamel alms bowl with the Eight Auspicious Symbols, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-33 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋奔巴壺｜ 192
Cloisonné enamel bumpa vase, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-34 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯梵文靶碗 一對｜ 194
Pair of cloisonné enamel stem bowls with Sanskrit inscription, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-35 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯瓔珞梅瓶｜ 196
Cloisonné enamel meiping vase with beaded tassels, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-36 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋扁蓋銚｜ 198
Cloisonné enamel yao vessel with lotus design, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-37 清 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋三足鼎｜ 202
Cloisonné enamel tripod cauldron with dragon design, Qing dynasty
II-38 良渚文化早期 雕紋玉方鐲 附清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯內膽｜ 204
Square jade bangle carved with patterns, early Liangzhu Culture
Cloisonné enamel liner, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-39 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯御製詠春詩掛屏｜ 206
Cloisonné enamel panel with an imperial poem, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-1 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯花果紋轎瓶｜ 208
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with flower and fruit design, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-2 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯夔龍紋轎瓶｜ 208
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with dragon motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-3 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯仿青瓷冰裂紋轎瓶｜ 209
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with crackle glaze, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-4 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋轎瓶｜ 210
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-5 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯仿青瓷冰裂紋轎瓶｜ 210
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with crackle glaze, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-40-6 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯回紋轎瓶｜ 211
Cloisonné enamel wall vase with key-fret motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
洋風的滿蒙筵宴| 2 1 3
Blend of Manchu, Mongolian, Chinese, and Western Aesthetics
II-41 1753-1754 瓷胎畫琺瑯彩繪西洋人物風景高足杯 一對｜ 214
Pair of urns with painted enamel decoration of Western figures on porcelain, 1753–1754
II-42 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋葵花式洗｜ 218
Cloisonné enamel flower-shaped basin with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-43 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯仕女花卉紋洗｜ 220
Cloisonné enamel basin with ladies and flowers, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-44 清 乾隆改裝 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋扁壺｜ 222
Cloisonné enamel pilgrim flask with lotus motif, remodeled in the Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-45 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯番蓮紋執壺｜ 224
Cloisonné enamel ewer with lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-45-1 十八世紀 蒔繪小箱｜ 225
Small maki-e box, 18th century
II-46 清 乾隆 金胎掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋人物瓶 一對｜ 226
Pair of cloisonné enamel vases with painted enamel design of Western figures, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-47 清 乾隆 金胎掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋人物螭耳罐 一對｜ 230
Pair of cloisonné enamel jars with painted enamel design of Western figures, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-48 清 乾隆 內填琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋仕女執壺｜ 232
Champlevé ewer with painted enamel design of Western ladies, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-49 清 乾隆 金胎掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯花鳥杯盤｜ 234
Gold cloisonné cup and saucer with painted enamel designs of flowers and birds, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-50-1 清 乾隆 金胎內填琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋人物杯盤｜ 236
Gold champlevé cup and saucer with painted enamel design of Western figures, Qianlong period,
Qing dynasty
II-50-2 清 乾隆 金胎內填琺瑯兼畫琺瑯西洋人物杯盤｜ 237
Gold champlevé cup and saucer with painted enamel design of Western figures,
Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-51 清 乾隆 金胎內填琺瑯番蓮紋碗｜ 238
Gold bowl with champlevé enamel lotus design, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-51-1 清 康熙 金胎畫琺瑯番蓮紋碗｜ 239
Gold bowl with painted enamel lotus design, Kangxi period, Qing dynasty
II-52 清 乾隆 金胎內填琺瑯番蓮紋碗（康熙款）｜ 240
Gold bowl with champlevé enamel lotus design and Kangxi mark, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-53 清 乾隆 內填琺瑯番蓮紋蓋碗｜ 242
Covered bowl with champlevé lotus motif, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-54 清 乾隆 金胎畫琺瑯茜紅釉杯盤｜ 244
Red glazed painted enamel cup and saucer, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-55 清 乾隆 天圓地方掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯執壺 一對｜ 246
Pair of cloisonné gourd-shaped ewers with painted enamel designs, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-56 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯罐｜ 252
Cloisonné lidded jar with painted enamel designs, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
II-57 清 乾隆 掐絲琺瑯兼畫琺瑯多穆壺｜ 256
Cloisonné mdong-mo ewer with painted enamel designs, Qianlong period, Qing dynasty
展件維護及修復筆記| 2 6 1
Notes on Conservation and Restoration
專論
Essay
乾隆宮廷「景泰琺瑯」的收藏、製造與鑑賞／胡櫨文| 2 7 3
The Collection, Manufacture, and Appreciation of Jingtai Cloisonné in the Qianlong Court / Hu, Lu-wen｜291
單品說明撰稿人Contributors to the Catalogue
I-1~ I-30, II-1~II-54
胡櫨文｜國立故宮博物院器物處 助理研究員
Lu-wen Hu, Assistant Curator, Department of Antiquities, National Palace Museum
II-55~II-57
賴芷儀｜國立故宮博物院南院處 助理研究員
Chih-I Lai, Assistant Curator, Department of Southern Branch, National Palace Museum
編／著／譯者簡介
主編:胡櫨文
文字撰述：胡櫨文、賴芷儀
序言／導讀
國立故宮博物院自前次舉辦景泰藍特展，倏忽已二十餘年了。在此期間，景泰藍雖多次參與各類主題或不同媒材的展覽，卻一直擔任配角。之所以如此，首先肇因於傳統收藏喜好的主觀因素，次則與院藏景泰藍的組成有關。傳統鑑賞論述中，景泰藍雖得與宣德爐、成化瓷、永樂漆器齊名，然而景泰藍始終未獲研究者推崇。再者，一般以清代之前製作的景泰藍最值一觀；本院典藏的千餘件景泰藍，則多為乾隆時期作品，因之未受青睞。鑑賞的偏好，加上典藏類型的限制，以致本院一直未再策劃景泰藍的主題展。
事實上，本院亦典藏若干元、明時期的景泰藍，數量雖不可謂豐富，但類型頗為多様，足與國內外公私收藏中具代表性的作品相互參照。策展同仁考量多數觀眾對景泰藍比較陌生，本展覽第一單元即以院藏文物為例，介紹景泰藍發展歷史及各時期景泰藍樣貌，並且亦說明其工藝獨特之處。從中更得進一步觀察景泰藍年款，經常不符合確切製作年代的現象，瞭解這項工藝鑑賞的困難之處，進而體會景泰藍「謎」之所在。
從故宮收藏史的角度來看，院藏景泰藍絕大部分經過乾隆皇帝精選，儲置在重要的宮殿，或收納於多寶格、百什件之內。這些經過挑選的作品，多為乾隆時期內府製作的掐絲琺瑯器，其製作工藝技巧繁複又精細。本展覽的第二單元，便是在前述鑒藏視角的轉變中，產生的最新研究成果。
本展覽計呈現一百四十餘組件景泰藍，其中近百件為首次展出。我們至盼能提供耳目一新的觀覽體驗，讓大家能够獲得鑑賞文物的樂趣。
國立故宮博物院 院長
吳密察
分類
其他詳細資訊
- 英文題名：Cloisonné Unveiled
- 適用對象：成人(學術性)
- 關鍵詞：景泰、掐絲琺瑯、博物館特展，藝術，典藏
- 附件：無附件
- 頁/張/片數：312
授權資訊
- 著作財產權管理機關或擁有者：國立故宮博物院
- 取得授權資訊：聯絡處室：
姓名：林慧嫻
電話：
地址：台北市士林區至善路二段221號